Volume 15, Number 42 Economic Highlights for the Week Ending November 6, 2009
MONDAY, November 2nd
The ISM manufacturing index shot up to 55.7% in October from a reading of 52.6% in September. Production, employment and inventories all gained during the month. This is the third straight month of expansion in manufacturing activity to its highest level since April 2006. Details in these data also remain favorable for future growth.
The pending home sales index gained 6.1% in September to 110.1, after a 6.4% gain in August to a level of 103.8. September's gain was the eighth consecutive move higher indicating existing home sales will likely rise again in October and November. Improved housing fundamentals and the first-time buyer tax credit has resulted in the recent surge in the number of signed sales contracts.
Construction spending jumped 0.8% in September, much better than expectations for a 0.3% decline. The unexpected, strong gain does however follow downward revisions in the previous two months. After a long and substantial 3-year decline, construction spending appears to have stabilized at a very low level. Further weakness in the non-residential and public sectors is expected in the months ahead while recovery in the residential sector is expected to be quite slow.
TUESDAY, November 3rd
Motor vehicle sales rose 13.5% in October to an annual rate of 10.5 million units. The sales gain was a result of dealers stocking showrooms with new models, available for the first time. Despite the jump, vehicle sales remain weak and will probably not contribute to Q4 GDP.
WEDNESDAY, November 4th
The MBA mortgage applications index gained 8.2% to 608.1% for the week ending October 30. This was the first increase in the last four weeks. The purchase index slipped 1.8% and remains 4.1% lower than its year ago level. The refinance index gained 14.5% on the week and was up 150.5% over this time last year. It is not that refinancing levels are so strong right now; but that they are being compared to one of the worst periods for mortgage activity on record. Low rates should continue to support refinancing activity going forward and an extension of the first-time buyer tax credit until April 2010 (passed by the Senate today) will help boost purchase activity in the next several months.
The ISM Non-manufacturing survey fell to 50.6% in October from a level of 50.9% in September. The survey level is hovering just above the key 50% level indicating very mild expansion in the service industries. After grinding to a halt last year during the financial crisis, service sector activity has begun to grow once again.
As widely expected the FOMC voted to keep rates in an exceptionally low range of 0% to 0.25% in order to support ongoing recovery in the economy. The policy statement was released at the conclusion of their two-day meeting today. Assessments of the economy were little changed from their last meeting with the Committee acknowledging continued improvement but still slow expansion. Because of continued economic weakness, inflation is not a major concern for the Fed at this time. Policymakers did start to unwind liquidity measures taken in response to financial and credit market crisis in the past year. The Fed's purchases of Treasury securities concluded at the end of October, as planned, while agency MBS and agency purchases, now with a $175 billion limit compared to an upper limit of $200 billion previously will conclude by the end of the first quarter.
THURSDAY, November 5th
Jobless claims fell 20k to 512k for the week ending October 31. This was the lowest level of initial claims since January. Claims may be entering into a new lower range closer to 500k than 550k. It will take several more weeks at this level or lower to establish marked improvement in labor market conditions. For now, it is clear that layoffs have waned but hiring has yet to begin.
Productivity surged at a 9.5% rate in Q3 compared to expectations for a 6.5% gain. The larger-than-expected productivity gain is attributable to strong output gains amid fewer hours worked. Unit labor costs fell sharply last quarter, down 5.2% as business cut employment even as output continued to climb.
FRIDAY, November 6th
Payroll employment fell by 190k in October, more than market expectation for a decline of 175k. Nevertheless, upward revisions in the previous two months resulted in 91k fewer payroll losses. Over the past year, 5.5 million jobs have been lost; counting from the onset of recession in December 2007, the economy has shed 7.3 million jobs, the most since WWII. Thankfully, the pace of payroll declines has eased considerably in recent months. Separately, the unemployment rate jumped to 10.2% of the workforce.
Stock Market Close for the Week
Index Latest A Week Ago Change
DJIA 10023.42 9712.73 +310.69 or +3.3%
NASDAQ 2112.44 2045.11 +67.33 or 3.3%
WEEK IN ADVANCE
The holiday shortened week yields little in the way of data to further an improved outlook; however, many Fed policymakers are slated to speak which may fill in the gap. Also, the Treasury is set to auction $81 billion in notes and bonds with a funding announcement on Thursday.
Key Interest Rates Latest 6 Mos Ago 1 Yr Ago
Prime Rate 3.25 3.25 4.00
Fed Discount 0.50 0.50 1.25
Fed Funds 0.13 0.21 0.24
11th District COF 1.272 1.627 2.679
10-Year Note 3.50 3.23 3.82
30-Year Treasury Bond 4.40 4.15 4.22
30-Yr Fixed (FHLMC) 4.98 4.84 6.20
15-Yr Fixed (FHLMC) 4.40 4.51 5.88
1-Yr Adj (FHLMC) 4.47 4.78 5.25
6-Mo Libor (FNMA) 0.56438 1.56500 3.12125
Sources: IBC' s Money Fund Report; Bank Rate Monitor; Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco